Western
New York Herpetological Society
www.wnyherp.org
© 2001 -
2003 by Western New York Herpetological Society
This
document is for guidance only and should not be used as the sole source of
information. New information is being developed daily. It is recommended that a
concerted effort be made to maintain up-to-date knowledge of the animals of
interest.
Common
Name:
Greek Tortoise, Spur-Thigh Tortoise
Latin
name:
Testudo graeca
Native
to:
Southern Spain, Northern Africa, and Eastern Europe
and Middle East
Size:
Adult carapace size is 6 – 7 inches. Hatchlings
average 1½ – 2 inches.
Life
span:
Estimated to be over 50 years with proper care
General
appearance:
The coloration of this tortoise is highly variable
and can range from olive with dark spots in the middle of each scute on the
carapace to a “golden” form which is almost entirely yellow in appearance.
Housing
requirements:
Enclosure:
The best enclosure for tortoises is an open “turtle
table” of approximately 4 feet long by 2 feet wide by 1 to 2 feet deep for an
adult Greek Tortoise though the bigger the better. Often preformed plastic
garden ponds can be easily converted for this task. Aquariums are not
recommended for tortoises as they do not allow proper air circulation. Very
large screen enclosures such as a “Reptarium” may also be adequate.
Temperature:
A temperature gradient of 75° – 85° F should be
provided with a basking area of 95° F.
Nighttime temperatures can be allowed to drop to 75° F
Heat/Light:
Temperatures can be maintained by using incandescent
basking bulbs, infrared heat bulbs or ceramic emitters. As with most species of
tortoises UVA and UVB light sources need to be provided. This can be achieved
with specialized fluorescent bulbs. Many have had great success with newer
mercury vapor bulbs which provide both heat and UVA and UVB light in one bulb
that fits into a standard incandescent fixture.
Substrate:
A variety of substrates can be used. A sandy soil
mix of 50% topsoil and 50% Caribbean play sand is often used with great
success. Aspen shavings, milled coconut fiber and even compressed recycled
paper (e.g. Carefresh ) can also be used.
Environment:
This is a terrestrial species which prefers a dry
climate. A suitable place to hide should also be provided. Such hiding places
can be constructed from rocks or plastic containers. Commercially manufactured
caves can also be used.
Diet:
The Greek tortoise is strictly herbivorous. They
require a high fiber, low protein and calcium rich diet. Dark leafy greens such
as kale, dandelion, mustard, collard and turnip greens should be fed regularly.
Natural grasses and hays can also be provided. High protein foods such as
commercially prepared dog and cat food and beans should be avoided at all costs
since this will eventually cause renal failure due to the excessive protein.
Fruits can be given sparingly since too many fruits will result in diarrhea and
other health issues. If calcium supplementation is required try to use pure calcium
carbonate. The bone of the cuttle fish can also be used and is commonly found
in pet shops for calcium supplementation for birds. Fresh water should be
offered at all times in a shallow dish. Your tortoise will also appreciate a 10-minute
soak in a shallow bath water to ensure proper hydration.
Maintenance:
The enclosure should be spot cleaned daily. A
thorough cleaning should be performed on a regular basis. A 5% bleach solution
is an excellent disinfectant. Be sure to thoroughly rinse the enclosure before
replacing the substrate and placing the tortoise back in the enclosure. It is
always recommended to wash your hands thoroughly after handling the tortoise or
cleaning the cage and cage accessories.
Other
references or recommended reading:
Highfield,
A.C. “Basic Care of Mediterranean Tortoises.” Retrieved 18 September 2003
<http://www.tortoisetrust.org/articles/Basicmedcare.htm>
Graham,
Mark. “Greek/Spur Thigh Tortoise.” 28 February 2000. Retrieved 18 September
2003
<http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/cheloniauk/care.htm>
Senneke,
Darrell. “Golden Greek Tortoise.” World Chelonian Trust. Retrieved 18 September
2003
<http://www.chelonia.org/Articles/tiberagoldengreekcare.htm>